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| سطر ١٩١: |
سطر ١٩١: |
| ====حنبلي==== | | ====حنبلي==== |
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| Al Umda fi al Fiqh, by Imam Muwaffaq Ibn Qudama (A.H. 541-620):
| | كتاب عمدة الفقه لموفق الدين ابن قدامة |
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| {{Quote|1=[http://www.kalamullah.com/Books/Umdat%20al-Fiqh.pdf 'Al Umda fi al Fiqh']<Br>By Imam Muwaffaq Ibn Qudama (A.H. 541-620), page 309|2='''The Legal Ruling on the Apostate [Hukum al-Murtaad]''' | | {{Quote|1=كتاب عمدة الفقه لموفق الدين ابن قدامة ص.ص 138-139|2=[باب حكم المرتد] |
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| '''If someone apostatizes from Islam, whether it be a man or a woman, the penalty of death must be enforced, because of the saying of Allah's Apostle "If someone changes his religion, you must kill him".'''
| | ومن ارتد عن الإسلام من الرجال والنساء وجب قتله لقول رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: "من بدل دينه فاقتلوه" ولا يقتل حتى يستتاب ثلاثا فإن تاب وإلا قتل بالسيف. |
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| The apostate should not be killed until he has been invited three times to repent. If he repents [he is spared], but if not, he is killed by the sword. If someone denies Allah's existence, or attributes to Him a partner, or a consort, or a son, or if he accuses Allah (Exhalted is He) of telling lies, or blasphemes him, or if he calls His Messenger a liar, or insults him, or if he denies a Prophet, or denies the Book of Allah or anything from it, or denies one of the basic pillars of Islam, or if he attributes lawfulness to something declared unlawful by the consensus of legal opinion, he is guilty of apostasy - unless he is one of those who are unaware of the religious duties and prohibitions, in which case he must be informed thereof, and if he does not accept, he is guilty of unbelief.
| | ومن جحد الله أو جعل له شريكا أو صاحبة أو ولدا أو كذب الله تعالى أو سبه أو كذب رسوله أو سبه أو جحد نبيا أو جحد كتاب الله أو شيئا منه أو جحد أحد أركان الإسلام أو أحل محرما ظهر الإجماع على تحريمه فقد ارتد إلا أن يكون ممن تخفى عليه الواجبات والمحرمات فيعرف ذلك فإن لم يقبل كفر. |
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| The Islam of the Intelligent Minor is considered authentic. If he apostatizes, he must not be killed until he has been invited to repent, three times after his adolescence. If someone's apostasy is established, but he professes Islam, it is accepted of him. In his profession of Islam, it is sufficient for him to bear witness that there is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is Allah's messenger, unless his belief takes the form of denying a prophet, or a book, or an obligatory religious duty, or something of the kind, or he is convinced that Muhammad (Allah bless him and give him and peace) was sent to the Arabs exclusively, in which case it is not accepted of him until he affirms what he denies.
| | ويصح إسلام الصبي العاقل وإن ارتد لم يقتل حتى يستتاب ثلاثا بعد بلوغه ومن ثبتت ردته فأسلم قبل منه ويكفي في إسلامه أن يشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمدا رسول الله إلا أن يكون كفره بجحد نبي أو كتاب أو فريضة أو نحوه أو يعتقد أن محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم بعث إلى العرب خاصة فلا يقبل منه حتى يقر بما جحده. |
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| If two spouses both apostatize, and they settle in the region of war and are taken captive, their enslavement is not permissible, nor is the enslavement of a child born to them before their apostasy, but the enslavement of the rest of their children is permissable.}}
| | وإذا ارتد الزوجان ولحقا بدار الحرب فسبيا لم يجز استرقاقهما ولا استرقاق من ولد لهما قبل ردتهما ويجوز استرقاق سائر أولادهما.}} |
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| ===فتاوى=== | | ===فتاوى=== |