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الفرق بين المراجعتين لصفحة: «القرآن والحديث والعلماء: الجزية»
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| [مراجعة منقحة] | [مراجعة منقحة] |
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| سطر ١٣٠: | سطر ١٣٠: | ||
الذمي وهو يعطيء الجزية: | الذمي وهو يعطيء الجزية: | ||
{{Quote| | {{Quote|تفسير الطبري جامع البيان سورة التوبة اية 29|وقال آخرون: معنى قوله: ﴿حتى يعطوا الجزية عن يد وهم صاغرون﴾ ، عن أنفسهم، بأيديهم يمشون بها، وهم كارهون، وذلك قولٌ رُوي عن ابن عباس، من وجهٍ فيه نظر.}} | ||
==العلماء== | ==العلماء== | ||
| سطر ١٤٦: | سطر ١٤٦: | ||
[Ibn Rushd defines it thus: what is taken from the people of disbelief in repayment for their security and sparing their lives while they remain unbelievers. It is derived from ''jaza''' (repayment) which is exchange, because they receive security in exchange for the money they pay. We offer them security and they offer money. It is not taken from three categories: women, children and slaves because Allah Almighty has obliged it on those who can fight, and generally that is men rather than women and children.]}} | [Ibn Rushd defines it thus: what is taken from the people of disbelief in repayment for their security and sparing their lives while they remain unbelievers. It is derived from ''jaza''' (repayment) which is exchange, because they receive security in exchange for the money they pay. We offer them security and they offer money. It is not taken from three categories: women, children and slaves because Allah Almighty has obliged it on those who can fight, and generally that is men rather than women and children.]}} | ||
{{Quote|1= | {{Quote|1=تفسير ابن كثير سورة التوبة اية 29|2=وَقَوْلُهُ: ﴿حَتَّى يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ﴾ أَيْ: إِنْ لَمْ يُسْلِمُوا، ﴿عَنْ يَدٍ﴾ أَيْ: عَنْ قَهْرٍ لَهُمْ وَغَلَبَةٍ، ﴿وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ﴾ أَيْ: ذَلِيلُونَ حَقِيرُونَ مُهَانُونَ. فَلِهَذَا لَا يَجُوزُ إِعْزَازُ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ وَلَا رَفْعُهُمْ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ، بَلْ هُمْ أَذِلَّاءُ صَغَرة أَشْقِيَاءُ، كَمَا جَاءَ فِي صَحِيحِ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ: "لَا تَبْدَءُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى بِالسَّلَامِ، وَإِذَا لَقِيتُمْ أَحَدَهُمْ فِي طَرِيقٍ فَاضْطَرُّوهُ إِلَى أَضْيَقِهِ"(٢٢) | ||
وَلِهَذَا اشْتَرَطَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، تِلْكَ الشُّرُوطِ الْمَعْرُوفَةَ فِي إِذْلَالِهِمْ وَتَصْغِيرِهِمْ وَتَحْقِيرِهِمْ}} | |||
{{Quote|Al-Zamakhshari (1075–1144)|('an yadin): does this refers to the hand of the giver or the receiver? It refers to the giver, i.e. from a forthcoming rather than a withholding hand. For he who refuses and withholds doesn't proffer his hand, as opposed to the reluctant obeyer. [proverb example]-not by someone deputized, but directly from the hand of the [dhimmi]. The hand of the taker means that [when he takes it] his hand is the upper, the ruler; or, because of the benefit [to the dhimmis] because receiving the jizya from them and lowering their spirits is of benefit to them. (wa-hum Saarighuuna) it is taken from them when they are in a lowered and humbled state. [The dhimmi] must approach walking, not riding; the taker is standing while the giver is sitting and trembling in awe /Iyutaltilu taltalatanl/. He is seized by his collar, and is told: "Perform the jizya," and is pushed on the nape of | {{Quote|Al-Zamakhshari (1075–1144)|('an yadin): does this refers to the hand of the giver or the receiver? It refers to the giver, i.e. from a forthcoming rather than a withholding hand. For he who refuses and withholds doesn't proffer his hand, as opposed to the reluctant obeyer. [proverb example]-not by someone deputized, but directly from the hand of the [dhimmi]. The hand of the taker means that [when he takes it] his hand is the upper, the ruler; or, because of the benefit [to the dhimmis] because receiving the jizya from them and lowering their spirits is of benefit to them. (wa-hum Saarighuuna) it is taken from them when they are in a lowered and humbled state. [The dhimmi] must approach walking, not riding; the taker is standing while the giver is sitting and trembling in awe /Iyutaltilu taltalatanl/. He is seized by his collar, and is told: "Perform the jizya," and is pushed on the nape of | ||