إذا تحب ويكي إسلام فيمكنك التبرع هنا الرجاء ان تدعم المسلمين السابقين في أمريكا الشمالية فهي المنظمة التي تستضيف وتدير هذا الموقع تبرع اليوم
الفرق بين المراجعتين لصفحة: «القرآن والحديث والعلماء: زواج الأطفال»
[مراجعة منقحة] | [مراجعة منقحة] |
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<big>تقليد سيرا صريح للغاية حول حقيقة أن محمد تزوج عائشة عندما كانت في السادسة من عمرها ، وأكمل الزواج عندما كانت في التاسعة. وبما أن محمدًا هو "الإنسان الكامل" ، فقد اتخذ العلماء هذا الفعل نموذجًا للبشرية جمعاء ، وبالتالي قرروا أن مثل هذه الزيجات تحل لكل المؤمنين. يحتوي كل من القرآن والأحاديث النبوية على لوائح حول متى يمكن للمؤمنين ممارسة الجنس مع الزوجات القاصرات اللائي لم يكن لديهن حيض بعد ، مما يعزز الطبيعة الحلال لممارسة الزواج مع الفتيات الصغيرات والرجال الأكبر سناً.</big> | <big>تقليد سيرا صريح للغاية حول حقيقة أن محمد تزوج عائشة عندما كانت في السادسة من عمرها ، وأكمل الزواج عندما كانت في التاسعة. وبما أن محمدًا هو "الإنسان الكامل" ، فقد اتخذ العلماء هذا الفعل نموذجًا للبشرية جمعاء ، وبالتالي قرروا أن مثل هذه الزيجات تحل لكل المؤمنين. يحتوي كل من القرآن والأحاديث النبوية على لوائح حول متى يمكن للمؤمنين ممارسة الجنس مع الزوجات القاصرات اللائي لم يكن لديهن حيض بعد ، مما يعزز الطبيعة الحلال لممارسة الزواج مع الفتيات الصغيرات والرجال الأكبر سناً.</big> | ||
== | ==القرآن== | ||
هذه الآية تتكلم عن ممارسة الجنس مع البنت الصغيرة التي لم تحدث لها دورة الحيض | |||
{{Quote|{{ | {{Quote|{{القرآن|65|4}}|وَٱلَّٰٓـِٔى يَئِسْنَ مِنَ ٱلْمَحِيضِ مِن نِّسَآئِكُمْ إِنِ ٱرْتَبْتُمْ فَعِدَّتُهُنَّ ثَلَٰثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَٱلَّٰٓـِٔى لَمْ يَحِضْنَ ۚ وَأُو۟لَٰتُ ٱلْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَن يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ ۚ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُۥ مِنْ أَمْرِهِۦ يُسْرًا | ||
}} | |||
==== | ====التفسير==== | ||
التفسير على الأية الفوقية | |||
{{quote |1=[http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=65&tid=54196 The `Iddah of Those in Menopause and Those Who do not have Menses (Qur'an 65:4)]<BR>Tafsir Ibn Kathir |2= The `Iddah of Those in Menopause and Those Who do not have Menses Allah the Exalted clarifies the waiting period of the woman in menopause. And that is the one whose menstruation has stopped due to her older age. Her `Iddah is three months instead of the three monthly cycles for those who menstruate, which is based upon the Ayah in (Surat) Al-Baqarah. [see 2:228] '''The same for the young, who have not reached the years of menstruation.''' Their `Iddah is three months like those in menopause. This is the meaning of His saying.}} | {{quote |1=[http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=65&tid=54196 The `Iddah of Those in Menopause and Those Who do not have Menses (Qur'an 65:4)]<BR>Tafsir Ibn Kathir |2= The `Iddah of Those in Menopause and Those Who do not have Menses Allah the Exalted clarifies the waiting period of the woman in menopause. And that is the one whose menstruation has stopped due to her older age. Her `Iddah is three months instead of the three monthly cycles for those who menstruate, which is based upon the Ayah in (Surat) Al-Baqarah. [see 2:228] '''The same for the young, who have not reached the years of menstruation.''' Their `Iddah is three months like those in menopause. This is the meaning of His saying.}} | ||
سطر ٣٠: | سطر ٢٩: | ||
In the following quote, the bold text translates as “They are those who haven’t reached the age of menstruation”. Tabrasi comments on the phrase “Wallaee Lam yahidhna” = “Those who have not menstruated yet” in the verse. | In the following quote, the bold text translates as “They are those who haven’t reached the age of menstruation”. Tabrasi comments on the phrase “Wallaee Lam yahidhna” = “Those who have not menstruated yet” in the verse. | ||
{{quote |1= | {{quote |1=شيخ طبرسى على آية 4 من سورة الطلاق | ||
{ واللآئي لم يحضن } تقديره واللآئي لم يحضن إن ارتبتم فعدتهن أيضاً ثلاثة أشهر وحذف لدلالة الكلام الأول عليه وهن اللواتي '''لم يبلغن''' المحيض ومثلهن تحيض على ما مرَّ بيانه. | https://www.altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=3&tSoraNo=65&tAyahNo=4&tDisplay=yes&Page=7&Size=1&LanguageId=1|2= { واللآئي لم يحضن } تقديره واللآئي لم يحضن إن ارتبتم فعدتهن أيضاً ثلاثة أشهر وحذف لدلالة الكلام الأول عليه وهن اللواتي '''لم يبلغن''' المحيض ومثلهن تحيض على ما مرَّ بيانه. }} | ||
In the following quote, the bold part translated as: “Those who have not menstruated yet” are young girls who have not reached the age of menstruation. | In the following quote, the bold part translated as: “Those who have not menstruated yet” are young girls who have not reached the age of menstruation. | ||
{{quote |1= | {{quote |1=https://www.altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=9&tSoraNo=65&tAyahNo=4&tDisplay=yes&Page=3&Size=1&LanguageId=1 | ||
شيخ محمد الشوكاني | |||
تفسير فتح القدير|2= فَعِدَّتُهُنَّ ثَلَـٰثَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَٱللاَّئِى لَمْ يَحِضْنَ } لصغرهن، وعدم بلوغهن سن المحيض، أي: فعدتهن ثلاثة أشهر }} | |||
==== | ====حديث==== | ||
اقتباسات من صحيح البخاري على الآية فوق: | |||
{{Quote|[http://bewley.virtualave.net/bukhari33.html Sahih Al-Bukhari, Chapter 68: Book of Tafsir]|'''CCCLXXXIV: The Tafsir of Surat at-Talaq'''<BR><BR>Mujahid said that "if you have any doubt" (65:4) means if you do not know whether she menstruates or not. Those who do not longer menstruate and '''those who have not yet menstruated, their 'idda is three months'''.}} | {{Quote|[http://bewley.virtualave.net/bukhari33.html Sahih Al-Bukhari, Chapter 68: Book of Tafsir]|'''CCCLXXXIV: The Tafsir of Surat at-Talaq'''<BR><BR>Mujahid said that "if you have any doubt" (65:4) means if you do not know whether she menstruates or not. Those who do not longer menstruate and '''those who have not yet menstruated, their 'idda is three months'''.}} | ||
<br /> | |||
{{Quote|Bukhari (Chapter 39)|Giving one’s young children in marriage (is permissible) by virtue of the Statement of Allah: ‘And for those who have courses’ (i.e. they are still immature) (Sura 65:4) And the ‘Iddat [waiting period for a woman before lawful sexual intercourse] '''for the girl before puberty is three months''' (in the above Verse).}} | {{Quote|Bukhari (Chapter 39)|Giving one’s young children in marriage (is permissible) by virtue of the Statement of Allah: ‘And for those who have courses’ (i.e. they are still immature) (Sura 65:4) And the ‘Iddat [waiting period for a woman before lawful sexual intercourse] '''for the girl before puberty is three months''' (in the above Verse).}} | ||
سطر ٥٠: | سطر ٥٠: | ||
The following is from Fath al-Bari, the most authoritative commentary on Sahih Al-Bukhari. | The following is from Fath al-Bari, the most authoritative commentary on Sahih Al-Bukhari. | ||
{{Quote|1= | {{Quote|1=https://www.altafsir.com/Tafasir.asp?tMadhNo=0&tTafsirNo=9&tSoraNo=65&tAyahNo=4&tDisplay=yes&Page=3&Size=1&LanguageId=1 | ||
فتح التقدير|2= واللائي لم يحضن , فجعل عدتها ثلاثة أشهر قبل البلوغ ) أي فدل على أن نكاحها قبل البلوغ جائز}} | |||
====الفتاوى المعاصرة==== | |||
<br /> | |||
{{Quote|1=[http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamonline.net%2Far%2FIOLCounsel_C%2F1278406761316%2F1278406720653%2F%D9%87%D9%84-%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%B3%D9%86-%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%9F-&date=2011-02-03 Is it permissible to restrict the age at which girls can marry?]<BR>Submitted by Ahmad, IslamOnline, December 24, 2010|2=The Noble Qur'an has also mentioned the waiting period [i.e. for a divorced wife to remarry] for the wife who has not yet menstruated, saying: "And those who no longer expect menstruation among your women - if you doubt, then their period is three months, and [also for] those who have not menstruated" [Qur'an 65:4]. Since this is not negated later, '''we can take from this verse that it is permissible to have sexual intercourse with a prepubescent girl'''. The Qur'an is not like the books of jurisprudence which mention what the implications of things are, even if they are prohibited. '''It is true that the prophet (PBUH) entered into a marriage contract with A'isha when she was six years old, however he did not have sex with her until she was nine years old''', according to al-Bukhari.}} | {{Quote|1=[http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamonline.net%2Far%2FIOLCounsel_C%2F1278406761316%2F1278406720653%2F%D9%87%D9%84-%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%B3%D9%86-%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D9%84%D9%84%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%9F-&date=2011-02-03 Is it permissible to restrict the age at which girls can marry?]<BR>Submitted by Ahmad, IslamOnline, December 24, 2010|2=The Noble Qur'an has also mentioned the waiting period [i.e. for a divorced wife to remarry] for the wife who has not yet menstruated, saying: "And those who no longer expect menstruation among your women - if you doubt, then their period is three months, and [also for] those who have not menstruated" [Qur'an 65:4]. Since this is not negated later, '''we can take from this verse that it is permissible to have sexual intercourse with a prepubescent girl'''. The Qur'an is not like the books of jurisprudence which mention what the implications of things are, even if they are prohibited. '''It is true that the prophet (PBUH) entered into a marriage contract with A'isha when she was six years old, however he did not have sex with her until she was nine years old''', according to al-Bukhari.}} | ||
سطر ٧٣: | سطر ٧١: | ||
The Iddah (waiting period) does not take place except after marriage.}} | The Iddah (waiting period) does not take place except after marriage.}} | ||
== | ==مثال النبي محمد== | ||
===تزوج محمد من عائشة وعمرها 6 سنين=== | |||
نكح محمد عائشة وكان عمرها 9 سنين | |||
{{Quote|{{صحيح البخاري|8|3310}}|وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ، - وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ، - هُوَ ابْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ - عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ تَزَوَّجَنِي النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَنَا بِنْتُ سِتِّ سِنِينَ وَبَنَى بِي وَأَنَا بِنْتُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ . | |||
{{ | |||
}} | |||
==Muhammad's Companions== | ==Muhammad's Companions== | ||
سطر ١٦٦: | سطر ١٦٥: | ||
*[[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Aisha]] | *[[Qur'an, Hadith and Scholars:Aisha]] | ||
{{Hub4|Women (Primary Sources)|Women (Primary Sources)}} | {{Hub4|Women (Primary Sources)|Women (Primary Sources)}} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|30em}} | {{Reflist|30em}} | ||
<references /> |
مراجعة ٠٤:٤٨، ٢٢ أبريل ٢٠٢١
تقليد سيرا صريح للغاية حول حقيقة أن محمد تزوج عائشة عندما كانت في السادسة من عمرها ، وأكمل الزواج عندما كانت في التاسعة. وبما أن محمدًا هو "الإنسان الكامل" ، فقد اتخذ العلماء هذا الفعل نموذجًا للبشرية جمعاء ، وبالتالي قرروا أن مثل هذه الزيجات تحل لكل المؤمنين. يحتوي كل من القرآن والأحاديث النبوية على لوائح حول متى يمكن للمؤمنين ممارسة الجنس مع الزوجات القاصرات اللائي لم يكن لديهن حيض بعد ، مما يعزز الطبيعة الحلال لممارسة الزواج مع الفتيات الصغيرات والرجال الأكبر سناً.
القرآن
هذه الآية تتكلم عن ممارسة الجنس مع البنت الصغيرة التي لم تحدث لها دورة الحيض
التفسير
التفسير على الأية الفوقية
Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi, Tafhim al-Qur'an
Tafsir al-Jalalayn
Tafsir Ibn Abbas
Al-Wahidi, Asbab al-nuzul
In the following quote, the bold text translates as “They are those who haven’t reached the age of menstruation”. Tabrasi comments on the phrase “Wallaee Lam yahidhna” = “Those who have not menstruated yet” in the verse.
In the following quote, the bold part translated as: “Those who have not menstruated yet” are young girls who have not reached the age of menstruation.
شيخ محمد الشوكاني
تفسير فتح القديرحديث
اقتباسات من صحيح البخاري على الآية فوق:
Mujahid said that "if you have any doubt" (65:4) means if you do not know whether she menstruates or not. Those who do not longer menstruate and those who have not yet menstruated, their 'idda is three months.
The following is from Fath al-Bari, the most authoritative commentary on Sahih Al-Bukhari.
الفتاوى المعاصرة
Submitted by Ahmad, IslamOnline, December 24, 2010
Moreover, the interest of Shariah proves it. So the claim that this was abrogated is not correct. And the Hadith did not include that meaning; it just states that a virgin woman is not to be married until consulted.
The evidence from the Qur'an is:
1. The saying of Allah: "And those of your women as have passed the age of monthly courses, for them the 'Iddah (prescribed period), if you have doubts (about their periods), is three months, and for those who have no courses [(i.e. they are still immature) their 'Iddah (prescribed period) is three months likewise, except in case of death]". (At-Talaq 65:4)
So, Allah set rulings of marriage, divorce and waiting period for the women who have not yet had menses, i.e. the young girls.
The Iddah (waiting period) does not take place except after marriage.Islamweb, Fatwa No. 88089, June 24, 2004
مثال النبي محمد
تزوج محمد من عائشة وعمرها 6 سنين
نكح محمد عائشة وكان عمرها 9 سنين
Muhammad's Companions
Umar the 2rd Caliph married Umm Kulthum at a time when she was 10-12 years old. Some sources say she was five years old.
There are many Ahadith which confirm that marriage at an early age was widespread among the companions and no one denied its permissibility. Getting married at an early age was not peculiar to the Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam) as some people think, but it was general for him and for his Ummah.
The following are some of the actions of the Sahaba (companions):
1. Ali Ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, married his daughter, Um Kulthum to Omar Ibn Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, and she mothered a child before the death of the Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam). Omar got married to her while she was young before reaching the age of puberty. This is reported by Ibn Saad in 'Al-Tabaqat'.
2. From Urwa Ibn Zubair: that Zubair, may Allah be pleased with him, married his daughter when she was very young. Reported by Saeed Ibn Mansour, in his Sunnah, and Ibn Abi Shaibah, in Al-musannaf, with a Sahih chain of narration.
Al-Shafie said in the book of Al-Um: "Many companions of the Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam) married their daughters while these were still young."
Delaying the marriage of girls in many Muslim countries is something new and contradictory to what Muslims used to do over many centuries. This is because of westernization and the application of man-made laws. This caused a change in understandings and customs within a considerable number of the population, and it is absolutely not permissible to consider the customs and traditions in a given country as the standard by which people abide, and fail to obey the absolute evidences of Shariah.
In some Muslim countries, the marriage for girls has been delayed by many years beyond the age of puberty. This has indeed led to an increase in the removal of the veil from the face, and increased fornication and adultery, as well as the emergence of deviation in conduct and religion among the youth. They had become morally unstable as they lack affection, chastity, and protection their private parts from illegal sexual relations.
By delaying marriage, there is also a reduction in the number of Muslims in the Ummah, and this is contrary to the order of the Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam), as he ordered us to have many children so that the Muslim nation will be greater in number than the previous nations.Islamweb, Fatwa No. 88089, June 24, 2004
Other Hadith
The following Muwatta hadith shows it's permissible to marry girls who have not reached puberty.
Yahya related to me from Malik that he had heard that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, visited Umm Salama while she was in mourning for Abu Salama and she had put aloes on her eyes. He said, "What is this, Umm Salama?" She said, "It is only aloes, Messenger of Allah." He said, "Put it on at night and wipe it off in the daytime."
Malik said, "The mourning of a young girl who has not yet had a menstrual period takes the same form as the mourning of one who has had a period. She avoids what a mature woman avoids if her husband dies."
Malik said, "A slave-girl mourns her husband when he dies for two months and five nights like her idda.
Malik said, "An umm walad does not have to mourn when her master dies, and a slave-girl does not have to mourn when her master dies. Mourning is for those with husbands."Miscellaneous
We hear a lot in the media about the marriage of underage girls. We should know that Shariah law has not brought injustice to women.[٣]
Islamic Q & A Online with Mufti Ebrahim Desai, Ask-Imam, Question No. 6737
Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 1493
Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid, Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 1493
- The only guardians who may compel their charge to marry are a virgin bride's father or father's father, compel meaning to marry her to a suitable match (def: m4) without her consent.
- Those who may not compel her are not entitled to marry her to someone unless she accepts and gives her permission.
Whenever the bride is a virgin, the father or father's father may marry her to someone without her permission, though it is recommended to ask her permission if she has reached puberty. A virgin's silence is considered as permission.[١٣]
See Also
References
- ↑ The ‘iddah of a woman divorced by talaaq - Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 12667
- ↑ Is it acceptable to marry a girl who has not yet started her menses? - Islam Q&A, Fatwa No. 12708
- ↑ Top Saudi cleric: OK for young girls to wed - CNN, January 17, 2009
- ↑ Carlyle Murphy - Child marriage case showcases deep splits in Saudi society - GlobalPost, April 16, 2009
- ↑ Fatwa in favour of 9-year-old girl marriage, Polemics - ANSAmed, September 8, 2008
- ↑ Moroccan theologian: Muslim girls can wed at nine - Middle East Online, September 15, 2008
- ↑ قالب:Cite web
- ↑ قالب:Cite web
- ↑ Saudi Marriage Official Says 1-Year-Old Brides OK - Fox News, June 2, 2008
- ↑ LBC TV (Lebanon) - June 19, 2008 - 03:08 - MEMRI TV, Video Clip No. 1798
- ↑ Islamists Fight Yemen Law Banning Child Marriage - Fox News, April 16, 2009
- ↑ Child marriage and divorce in Yemen - Jenny Cuff - BBC, November 6, 2008
- ↑ Reliance of the Traveller/Book M: Marriage - (full text online)
- ↑ Questions Related to Marriage/ Is it allowed for a father to force his daughter to marry a specific man that she does not want to marry? - Muslim Students Organization of the University of Houston
- ↑ Adil Salahi - Marriage in Islam/Marriage at an early age - Islamic Voice, Vol 12-08 No:140, August 1998
- ↑ Islamist leader threatens of waging Jihad - Weekly Blitz, April 20, 2011