الفرق بين المراجعتين لصفحة: «القرآن والحديث والعلماء: الزكاة»

<big>يستخدم المصطلحان الزكاة (الضريبة الإلزامية) والصدقة (الصدقة) في بعض الأحيان بالتبادل في الأدب الإسلامي ، مع بعض المصادر التي تذكر الزكاة على أنها تغطي الأعمال الخيرية الطوعية. على الرغم من أن علماء الإسلام يجدون علمًا للأنتيمولوجيا العربية لكلا المصطلحين ، إلا أن الزكاة من تهجئتها العربية تندرج بوضوح في فئة من الكلمات المستعارة من الآرامية التي تتضمن أيضًا صلاة ، بينما استخدام "صداقة" تعني "صدقة" للفقراء (يُعطى طواعية كعمل من أعمال الإيمان الديني) يجد سابقه في الآرامية لليهود Targum Onqelos. من حيث اللاهوت الإسلامي ، الزكاة هي ضريبة مفروضة على جميع المسلمين ، وتقدر كنسبة مئوية من الثروة على ممتلكات مختلفة مثل الأرض والمحاصيل. والغرض الرئيسي منه هو دعم الفقراء المسلمين ، ولكن يمكن استخدامه أيضًا في أنشطة أخرى للدولة الإسلامية مثل القرآن والحديث والعلماء: الجهاد. إخراج الزكاة ركن من أركان الإسلام الخمسة ، وبالتالي يجب إخراجها على المؤمن ، وإنكار وجوب إخراجها يعتبر من أعمال الكفر أو الكفر.</big>

{{Quote|{{Quran|2|43}}|Establish worship, pay the poor-due, and bow your heads with those who bow (in worship).}}

{{Quote|{{Quran|28|86}}|And thou hadst not expected that the Book would be sent to thee except as a Mercy from thy Lord: Therefore lend not thou support in any way to those who reject (Allah's Message).}}

{{Quote|{{Bukhari|2|24|486}}|Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever is made wealthy by Allah and does not pay the Zakat of his wealth, then on the Day of Resurrection his wealth will be made like a bald-headed poisonous male snake with two black spots over the eyes. The snake will encircle his neck and bite his cheeks and say, 'I am your wealth, I am your treasure.' " Then the Prophet recited the holy verses:-- 'Let not those who withhold . . .' (to the end of the verse). (3.180).}}

{{Quote|{{Bukhari|2|24|556}}|Narrated Sad (bin Abi Waqqas): Allah's Apostle distributed something (from the resources of Zakat) amongst a group of people while I was sitting amongst them, but he left a man whom I considered the best of the lot. So, I went up to Allah's Apostle and asked him secretly, "Why have you left that person? By Allah! I consider him a believer." The Prophet said, "Or merely a Muslim (Who surrender to Allah)." I remained quiet for a while but could not help repeating my question because of what I knew about him. I said, "O Allah's Apostle! Why have you left that person? By Allah! I consider him a believer. " The Prophet said, "Or merely a Muslim." I remained quiet for a while but could not help repeating my question because of what I knew about him. I said, "O Allah's Apostle! Why have you left that person? By Allah! I consider him a believer." The Prophet said, "Or merely a Muslim." Then '''Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) said, "I give to a person while another is dearer to me, for fear that he may be thrown in the Hell-fire on his face (by renegating from Islam)."'''}}

{{Quote|{{Muslim|5|2144}}|Abu Huraira reported Allah's Messsenger (may peace be upon him) as saying: No Sadaqa is due from a Muslim on his slave or horse.}}

{{Quote|{{Muslim|5|2313}}|Abdullah b. Zaid reported that '''when the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) conquered Hunain he distributed the booty, and he bestowed upon those whose hearts it was intended to win'''. It was conveyed to him (the Holy Prophet) that the Ansar cherished a desire that they should be given (that very portion) which the people (of Quraish) had got. Upon this the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) stood up and, after having praised Allah and lauded Him, addressed them thus: 0 people of Ansar, did I not find you erring and Allah guided you aright through me, and (in the state of) being destitute and Allah made you free from want through me, and in a state of disunity and Allah united you through me, and they (the Ansar) said: Allah and His Messenger are most benevolent. He (again) said: Why do you not answer me? They said: Allah and His Messenger are the most benevolent. He said, If you wish you should say so and so, and the event (should take) such and such course (and in this connection he made a mention) of so many things. 'Amr is under the impressionthat he has not been able to remember them. He (the Holy Prophet) further said: Don't you feel happy (over this state of affairs) that the people should go away with goats and camels, and you go to your places along with the Messenger of Allah? The Ansar are inner garments (more close to me) and (other) people are outer garments. Had there not been migration, I would have been a man from among the Ansar. If the people were to tread a valley or a narrow path, I would tread the valley (chosen) by the Ansar or narrow path (trodden) by them. And you would soon find after me preferences (over you in getting material benefits). So you should show patience till you meet me at the Haud (Kauthar).}}

{{Quote|{{cite web|url=https://sunnah.com/nasai/25/102 |title=Sunan al-Nasai |publisher= |author= |date= |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20140819181248/http://sunnah.com/nasai/25/102 |deadurl=no}}|It was narrated that Khuraim bin Fatik said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'Whoever spends in the cause of Allah, it will be recorded for him seven hundred fold.'"<ref>This means the reward will be 700-fold.</ref> (Sahih)}}

{{Quote|1=[http://qa.sunnipath.com/issue_view.asp?HD=1&ID=1527&CATE=5 <!-- Back up http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fqa.sunnipath.com%2Fissue_view.asp%3FHD%3D1%26ID%3D1527%26CATE%3D5&date=2011-10-02 -->Zakat Cannot Be Given To Non-Muslims]<BR>Shaykh Faraz Rabbani, SunniPath Q&A, July 3, 2005|2=There is '''scholarly consensus (ijma`) that zakat cannot be given to non-Muslims''', as mentioned by Ibn al-Mundhir, Kasani, Ibn Qudama, Buhuti, and others.

'''h8.24''' - '''It is not permissible to give zakat to a non-Muslim''', or to someone whom one is obliged to support (def: m12.1), such as a wife or family member.}}

{{Quote|Yusuf al-Qaradawi, Fiqh az-Zakat: A Comparative Study|The most honorable form of jihad nowadays is fighting for the liberation of Muslim land from the domination of unbelievers, regardless of their religion or ideology. The communist and the capitalist, the Westerner and the Easterner, Christian, Jew, pagan or unbeliever, all are aggressors when they attack and occupy Muslim land. Fighting in defence of the home of Islam is obligatory until the enemy is driven away and Muslims are liberated.<BR>. . .<BR>

'''h8.17''' - '''The seventh category is those fighting for Allah, meaning people engaged in Islamic military operations''' for whom no salary has been allotted in the army roster (O: but who are volunteers for jihad without remuneration). They are given enough to suffice them for the operation, even if affluent; of weapons, mounts, clothing, and expenses (O: for the duration of the journey, round trip, and the time they spend there, even if prolonged. Though nothing has been mentioned here of the expense involved in supporting such people's families during this period, it seems clear that they should also be given it).}}

{{Quote|{{cite web|url=http://bewley.virtualave.net/Riszakat.html |title=The Risala of 'Abdullah ibn Abi Zayd al-Qayrawani (922-996): A Treatise on Maliki Fiqh |publisher= |author= |date= |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20170106100112/http://bewley.virtualave.net/Riszakat.html |deadurl=no}}|'''25.1 Its Ruling'''

'''Zakat became an obligation in the second year of Hijra. The evidence for its obligatory nature is the Book, Sunna and consensus. Whoever disputes its obligatory nature is an unbeliever. If someone affirms that it is obligatory but refuses to pay it, he is beaten and it is taken from him by force''' and that is enough: he is not an unbeliever. Ibn Habib says he is an unbeliever, but this is unlikely.}}

{{Quote|Khisal of al-Saduq, ch. 10.|The Messenger of Allah (S) says, “O ‘Ali! There are ten deniers of Almighty Allah in this Ummah; Tale-tellers, the magicians, the gigolos, those who have anal intercourse with non-mahram women, those who have intercourse with animals, those who commit incest, those who try to spread mischief, those who supply weapons to disbelievers (which shall be used against Muslims), those who do not pay Zakat and those who in spite of being capable do not perform Hajj and meet their death.”}}

{{Quote|Wasa’il ul-Shia Vol. 6 page 18|“Doubtlessly, the Almighty Allah has necessitated a portion for the destitute in the wealth of the rich people. It is such an obligation that is praised if fulfilled by the affluent people. It is Zakat and one who pays it, his blood is Harām. (i.e. it is Harām to kill him). And those who pay it are called Muslims.<ref>Shi'ite scholars say this part is an implicit declaration that anyone who does not pay Zakat is a kafir.</ref>

<br>...<br>

Monetary loss in desert or seas is only due to the non payment of Zakat. And when the Qaem of the progeny of Mohammed reappears he shall arrest and execute those who do not pay Zakat.}}