الفرق بين المراجعتين لصفحة: «القرآن والحديث والعلماء: عائشة»

القرآن والحديث والعلماء: عائشة (عرض المصدر)

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-<big>كانت عائشة المفضلة من بين زوجات محمد. تزوجها عندما كانت في السادسة إلى السابعة من عمرها وأتم الزواج عندما كانت في التاسعة من عمرها وفقًا للتقاليد (انظر "سن عائشة عند الدخول والزواج") ، مما جعلها أصغر عروس لمحمد. يُنظر إلى صغر سنها أيضًا في التقاليد كدليل على نقيها البتولية وقت زواجها من النبي. فضل محمد أن ينام مع عائشة ويمارس الجنس معها فوق كل زوجاته الأخريات ، ووفقًا للتقليد فقد مات بين ذراعيها. وباعتبارها الزوجة المفضلة للنبي ، فقد حظيت بمكانة مرموقة بين الصحابة ، وفي إسنادات الحديث ، لعبت دورًا محوريًا كمنشئ للعديد من التقاليد. إذا تم تصديق الرواية التاريخية الإسلامية ، فقد لعبت دورًا رئيسيًا في الصراع على السلطة داخل الخلافة بعد الفتوحات العربية. خلال الفتنة الأولى قادت جيشًا ضد علي للمطالبة بالخلافة ، لكنها هُزمت في معركة الجمل.</big>
+<big>معركة الجمل.</big>
 ==علاقة عائشة لمحمد==
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 }}
-====مشكاة المصابيح====
+====مصادر إسلامية أخرى====
-{{Quote|Mishkat al-Masabih, Vol. 2, p 77|Aisha said she was nine years old when the act of consummation took place and she had her dolls with her.}}
-===مصادر إسلامية أخرى===
 ====الطبري====
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 ====إبن كثير====
-{{Quote||Yunus b. Bukayr stated, from Hisham b. ‘Urwa, from his father who said, "The Messenger of God (SAAS) married ‘A’isha three years after (the death of) Khadija. '''At that time (of the contract) ‘A’isha had been a girl of six. When he married her she was nine.''' The Messenger of God (SAAS) died when ‘A’isha was a girl of eighteen. "<ref name="Ibn Kathir Aisha">Ibn Kathir, The Life of the Prophet Muhammad (Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya), Volume II, translated by professor Trevor Le Gassick, reviewed by Dr. Muneer Fareed [Garnet Publishing Limited, 8 Southern Court, south Street Reading RG1 4QS, UK; The Center for Muslim Contribution to Civilization, first paper edition, 2000], pp. 93-94</ref>}}
-{{Quote||Al-Bukhari had related, from ‘Ubayd b. Isma‘il, from Abu Usama, from Hisham b. ‘Urwa, from his father, who said, "Khadija died three years before the emigration of the Prophet (SAAS). He allowed a couple of years or so to pass after that, and then '''he contracted marriage with ‘A’isha when she was six, thereafter consummating marriage with her when she was nine years old."'''<ref name="Ibn Kathir Aisha">Ibn Kathir, The Life of the Prophet Muhammad (Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya), Volume II, translated by professor Trevor Le Gassick, reviewed by Dr. Muneer Fareed [Garnet Publishing Limited, 8 Southern Court, south Street Reading RG1 4QS, UK; The Center for Muslim Contribution to Civilization, first paper edition, 2000], pp. 93-94</ref>}}
-{{Quote||"Al-Hajjaj related to us, that Hammad related to him, from Hisham b. ‘Urwa, from his father, from ‘A’isha, who said, ‘The Messenger of God (SAAS), contracted marriage with me (after) Khadija’s death and before his emigration from Mecca, when '''I was six years old.''' After we arrived in Medina some women came to me while I was playing on a swing; my hair was like that of a boy. They dressed me up and put make-up on me, then took me to the Messenger of God (SAAS), and he consummated our marriage. '''I was a girl of nine.’"'''<ref name="Ibn Kathir Aisha">Ibn Kathir, The Life of the Prophet Muhammad (Al-Sira al-Nabawiyya), Volume II, translated by professor Trevor Le Gassick, reviewed by Dr. Muneer Fareed [Garnet Publishing Limited, 8 Southern Court, south Street Reading RG1 4QS, UK; The Center for Muslim Contribution to Civilization, first paper edition, 2000], pp. 93-94</ref>}}
 ====إبن قيم====
-{{Quote|Ibn Qayyim Al-Juaziyyah|Next, the Prophet… married Um Abdallah, Aishah, as-Siddiqah (the truthful one), daughter of as-Siddiq (the truthful one) Abu Bakr ibn Abi Qu’hafah, whom Allah has exonerated from above the seven heavens. ‘Aishah bint Abu Bakr was the beloved wife of the Prophet… The angel showed Aishah… to the Prophet… while she was wrapped in a piece of silk cloth, before he married her, and said to him. "This is your wife." '''The Prophet… married Aishah… during the lunar month of Shawwal, when she was six, and consummated the marriage in the first year after the Hijrah, in the month of Shawwal, when she was nine.''' The Prophet… did not marry any virgin, except Aishah… and the revelation never came to him while he was under the blanket with any of his wives, except Aishah.<ref>Ibn Qayyim Al-Juaziyyah, Zad-ul Ma’ad fi Hadyi Khairi-l ‘Ibad (Provisions for the Hereafter, From the Guidance of Allah’s Best Worshipper), translated by Jalal Abualrub, edited by Alaa Mencke & Shaheed M. Ali [Madinah Publishers &  Distributors, Orlando, Fl: First edition, December 2000], Volume I, pp. 157-158</ref>}}
 ===العماء الحديثون===
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 ===='''صفي الرحمن المباركفوري'''====
-{{Quote||'Aishah bint Abu Bakr: He married her in the eleventh year of Prophethood, a year after his marriage to Sawdah, and two years and five months before Al-Hijra. She was six years old when he married her. However, he did not consummate the marriage with her till Shawwal seven months after Al-Hijra, and that was in Madinah. She was nine then. She was the only virgin he married, and the most beloved creature to him. As a woman she was the most learnèd woman in jurisprudence.<ref>Ar-Raheeq Al-Makhtum (The Sealed Nectar) Biography of the Noble Prophet, [Maktaba Dar-us-Salam Publishers & Distributors, First Edition 1995], "The Prophetic Household", p. 485</ref>}}
 ==الجنس==
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 |انظر أيضا {{مسلم|2|566}}, {{مسلم|2|567}}, {{مسلم|2|568}}, {{مسلم|2|569}}, {{مسلم|2|570}}, {{مسلم|2|571}}}}
-===قام محمد المفاخذة مع عائشة===
+<br />
-قام محمد المفاخذة مع عائشة لما كانت عمرها تحت 9 سنوات
-{{Quote||Praise be to Allah and peace be upon the one after whom there is no [further] prophet.
-After the permanent committee for the scientific research and fatwahs (religious decrees) reviewed the question presented to the grand Mufti Abu Abdullah Muhammad Al-Shemary, the question forwarded to the committee by the grand scholar of the committee with reference number 1809 issued on 3/8/1421 (Islamic calendar). The inquirer asked the following:
-It has become wide spread these days, and especially during weddings, the habit of mufa’khathat of the children (mufa’khathat literally translated means "placing between the thighs" which means placing the male member between the thighs of a child). What is the opinion of scholars knowing full well that the prophet, the peace and prayer of Allah be upon him, also practiced the "thighing" of Aisha - the mother of believers - may Allah be please with her.
-After the committee studied the issue, they gave the following reply:
-It has not been the practice of the Muslims throughout the centuries to resort to this unlawful practice that has come to our countries from pornographic movies that the kufar (infidels) and enemies of Islam send. As for the prophet, peace and prayer of Allah be upon him, thighing his fiancée Aisha. She was six years of age and he could not have intercourse with her due to her small age. That is why [the prophet] peace and prayer of Allah be upon him placed '''his [male] member between her thighs and massaged it softly,''' as the apostle of Allah had control of his [male] member not like other believers.<ref>(Audio) http://www.sout-al-haqe.com/pal/musical/mofakhaza.ram</ref><ref>http://www.islamic-fatwa.net/viewtopic.php?TopicID=8330</ref>| See Also <ref>http://www.islamweb.net/ver2/Fatwa/ShowFatwa.php?lang=A&Id=23672&Option=FatwaId&x=40&y=13</ref> <ref>http://www.islamweb.net/ver2/Fatwa/ShowFatwa.php?lang=A&Id=3907&Option=FatwaId&x=46&y=11</ref> <ref>http://www.islamweb.net/ver2/Fatwa/ShowFatwa.php?lang=A&Id=23672&Option=FatwaId&x=48&y=16</ref> <ref>http://www.islamweb.net/ver2/Fatwa/ShowFatwa.php?lang=A&Id=13190&Option=FatwaId&x=54&y=11</ref>}}
 ====المفاخذة مع الزوجات في====
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 {{Quote|{{البخاري|3|47|766}}|حَدَّثَنَا حِبَّانُ بْنُ مُوسَى، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا أَرَادَ سَفَرًا أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَ نِسَائِهِ، فَأَيَّتُهُنَّ خَرَجَ سَهْمُهَا خَرَجَ بِهَا مَعَهُ، وَكَانَ يَقْسِمُ لِكُلِّ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْهُنَّ يَوْمَهَا وَلَيْلَتَهَا، غَيْرَ أَنَّ سَوْدَةَ بِنْتَ زَمْعَةَ وَهَبَتْ يَوْمَهَا وَلَيْلَتَهَا، لِعَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم تَبْتَغِي بِذَلِكَ رِضَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم‏.‏| انظر أيضا: {{البخاري|3|48|853}}, {{البخاري|8|3451}} & {{مسلم|8|3452}} }}
-{{Quote|1=[http://www.tafsir.com/default.asp?sid=4&tid=12406 The Ruling Concerning Desertion on the Part of the Husband]<BR>Tafsir Ibn Kathir|2=Abu Dawud At-Tayalisi recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "Sawdah feared that the Messenger of Allah might divorce her and she said, `O Messenger of Allah! Do not divorce me; give my day to `A'ishah.' And he did, and later on Allah sent down,''And if a woman fears cruelty or desertion on her husband's part, there is no sin on them both''." Ibn `Abbas said, "Whatever (legal agreement) the spouses mutually agree to is allowed." At-Tirmidhi recorded it and said, "Hasan Gharib." In the Two Sahihs, it is recorded that `A'ishah said that when Sawdah bint Zam`ah became old, she forfeited her day to `A'ishah, and the Prophet used to spend Sawdah's night with `A'ishah. There is a similar narration also collected by Al-Bukhari. Al-Bukhari also recorded that `A'ishah commented: ''And if a woman fears cruelty or desertion on her husband's part'', that it refers to, "A man who is married to an old woman, and he does not desire her and wants to divorce her. So she says, `I forfeit my right on you.' So this Ayah was revealed."}}
 {{Quote|{{ابن ماجه|9|3|9|1972}}|حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عُقْبَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الصَّبَّاحِ، أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، جَمِيعًا عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ لَمَّا أَنْ كَبِرَتْ، سَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ وَهَبَتْ يَوْمَهَا لِعَائِشَةَ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يَقْسِمُ لِعَائِشَةَ بِيَوْمِ سَوْدَةَ ‏.‏}}